Holley 950 Manuale Utente

COMMANDER 950TOTAL ENGINE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMELECTRONICS AND FUEL INJECTIONMANUAL199R-10149-5NOTE: These instructions must be read and fully understood

101.13 Electric In-line Fuel PumpThe function of the electric fuel pump is to deliver pressurized fuel to the fuel injection system. The ECU activate

111.16 Main Fuel FilterThe function of this filter is to eliminate any contaminants after the fuel pump. These are eithersmall enough to pass through

12O2 Sensor Voltage1.21 Open LoopOpen loop defines the engine operation where the fueling level is calculated by the ECU with only the input signals

13The Air Temperature Sensor monitors the temperature of the incoming air. This tells the ECU what the outside temperature isand allows the ECU to ad

142.1 Speed Density1. Engine speed (1000 RPM) and manifold pressure from the MAP sensor (38 kPa) are read by the ECU. From thesevalues, it obtains a

152.2 Alpha-NAn Alpha-N system is similar to a speed density EFI system, except that for step 1, the ECU will look at engine speed and theposition of

163.0 SKILL LEVEL REQUIREDInstallation of the COMMANDER 950 intake system and the ECU requires approximately the same level of skill andexperience to

175.1 Step-by-Step Wiring Harness InstallationNOTE: It is advised to leave the battery completely disconnected until the installation of the entire

181. BLACK WIRE - Connect the black wire to a solid chassis ground with the ring terminal provided. The best place toconnect is the negative side of

19Crank Trigger CD Ignition Systems – The Commander 950 can control the timing on any engine that uses a crank trigger(magnetic or Hall effect) and ca

2INTRODUCTION ...

206.3 Software Operation and NavigationThe Commander 950 is a Windows-based software. It functions the same as all other windows software. Pull-dow

21Mouse Free Navigating – Often it is easier to not use the mouse when operating a laptop. The C950 software can beoperated without the use of a mous

22NOTE: There is a vacuum line going to the fuel pressure regulator. This is needed to compensate for vacuum present in the intake manif

23Figure 5 Engine Parameters ScreenRecord your selection in the spaces provided.__________Cylinders – Pick 4, 6, or 8__________Port Fuel Injection or

249. ¨ SAVE PARAMETERS It is recommended that you save your map to the computer hard drive anytime you make changes, that way you can alw

25Check the following sensor outputs. After each, record the value in the space provided.¨ __________MAP (Manifold Air Pressure) – The manifold air p

268.0 STEP-BY-STEP BASIC TUNINGThe following is a step-by-step guide to perform basic tuning that will be required with all applications.TIPS:- Tune o

272. CHECK TIMINGIf the ECU is getting an RPM signal, the next best thing is to make sure that the ignition is firing. To check this, connect atiming

28Figure 9 Startup Enrichment Table4. STARTUP / STARTS AND STALLSIf the engine starts and then stalls, it most likely needs more air and/or fuel. T

29Figure 11 Example of Fuel Map with Graphical RepresentationTIP: This red box will move around. Notice where the red box is when the engine start

39.0 REQUIRED ADDITIONAL EFI TUNING... 3610.0 AL

30Figure 12 Spark Map with Engine IdlingWhen the engine is running, the area that it is getting its timing advance from will be highlighted in red. T

31Figure 13 Fuel Map Showing Proper IAC PositionFor more information on how an IAC works, see Appendix 1—Idle Air Control.7. FUEL MAP TUNING (LOW SPEE

32Figure 14 Engine Idling with Proper O2 ModThe number should be about 85 -100 when tuned properly. This means the base map is slightly richer than 1

33Figure 15 Example of Smooth Fuel GraphTo modify the graph, move the pointer by using the arrow keys. When you want to raise or lower a point, hold

34GOOD! DRIVE TOANOTHER AREA ONTHE FUEL MAP“O2 Mod” ON THEFUEL MAP IS…LESS THAN 85 MORE THAN 105SUBTRACT FUELPULSE WIDTH* ANDSMOOTHSURROUNDINGCELLS**B

35To tune WOT, find a safe place where the vehicle can be accelerated to legal speeds. Again, you need one person drivingand one person tuning and mo

36GOOD! MAKEANOTHER RUN TODOUBLE-CHECKTUNINGWATCH THE“O2 (V)” VALUEON FUEL MAP(RED OR YELLOW)LESS THAN 0.75(GREEN)MORE THAN 0.85STOP IMMEDIATELY!ADD F

37NOTE: In the idle air control motor, there is simply a valve that lets extra air into an engine. It is used to raise the idlewhen an engine is co

38B. AE Correction vs. Coolant Temperature – The second line down says “AE correction vs. Coolant temperature”.These numbers are to modify the TPS bas

39GOOD! MAKEANOTHER RUN TODOUBLE-CHECKTUNING. THENPROCEED TOMEDIUM LOADTRANSIENT TUINGDOES THE ENGINEREV SMOOTHLY?NORAISE LEFT 6 BOXESOF THE“Pulse Wid

4INTRODUCTIONThank you for your purchase of the Holley Commander 950 Fuel Injection System. This tuning manual is designed totake all of the guesswor

40DOES THEENGINE HEISTATE ORSTUMBLE?RAISE LEFT 6 BOXESOF THE“Rate of Change of MAPSensor”TABLE 10 UNITS*YES* Most of the time, fuel pulsewidth needs

413. Spark Advance - The next area that can be reviewed is the spark advance map. The base spark maps provided shouldprovide a good performing baseli

42Also make sure you listen for engine knock, especially in the peak torque area when you are changing timing.If you drag race, sometimes putting in m

43Figure 24 Poor Spark Map at IdleFigure 25 Poor Fuel Map at Idle and Cruise

44C. As was mentioned before, another key for best idle is to adjust the throttle plates so the idle air control motor is notopen much or at all when

45Desired Idle – The engine idle speed will be controlled by the ECU and can be changed at different temperatures. If theengine is cold, the idle spe

46TIP: As a guideline a TPS position that is between 2/3 and 3/4 throttle usually works fine for naturally aspirated engines.This is an important va

47Figure 30 Air and Coolant Temperature Modifier TableFigure 30 shows an example of the coolant temperature enrichment table. With the Commander 950,

48Figure 31 Fuel Map Showing Coolant Mod and Afterstart Mod After Engine StartTo tune the Coolant Temperature Enrichment, make sure the vehicle sits o

49GOOD! START THEENGINE THE NEXTMORNING TORECHECKSETTINGS**DOES THE ENGINESTALL IN THE FIRST 2SECONDS?YESINCREASEAFTERSTARTENRICHMENT 5% ATTHAT ENGINE

5Appendix 7 covers the description of fuel injection systems, including: combustion principles and air/fuel ratios, emissionsand performance, and eng

50Afterstart enrichment is found in “Fuel” and then “Startup Enrichment”. There are three parts of this area that dealspecifically with afterstart en

51a large increase in fuel. This makes the fuel map very uneven. This causes poor driveability that is hard orimpossible to resolve with mapping. I

52Figure 34 Typical Alpha-N Fuel MapMapping is the same as speed density from the aspect that the area on the base fuel map that you are obtaining fu

5311.0 DATA LOGGERFigure 35 Main Datalogger ScreenThe Commander 950 includes a data logger that serves many useful purposes. It can be used for logg

54After you enter a filename hit “OK”. The “Trigger” screen below (Figure 37) will appear.Figure 37The trigger screen (Figure 37) allows you to start

55Figure 38TIP: If more than 5,000 data points are taken, the software will automatically split them up into separate files. 5,000 datapoints amoun

56APPENDIX 1 COMPLETE SOFTWARE OVERVIEWAppendix 1 provides a description of all the software functions. It is not intended to describe how to tune an

57DATA MONITOR – Used for monitoring real-time engine parametersBoth the Main Fuel Map and Spark Map screens have a readout of real-time engine parame

58Fuel Graph – This is a graphical representation of the fuel cell values. When properly tuned, the fuel map should be smooth.The graph mode can be u

59Afterstart Holdoff – These parameters control the number of revolutions the ECU waits before adding the afterstart fuelenrichment.Afterstart Decay R

61.3 Multi-Point Fuel Injection (MPFI)A multi point fuel injection systems meters the fuel to each cylinder individually via the fuel injector locate

60AE of MAP vs. Coolant Temperature (%) – Colder engine temperatures may require different transitional fuelingrequirements. This table allows the us

61Figure 44Figure 45

62Idle spark control – These parameters allow the ECU to adjust the idle spark timing to control the engine idle speed. Thisfunction can be turned on

63Hardware Settings (Hdwr Settings)Figure 48 Engine ParametersEngine Parameters – Base engine parameters that must be adjusted before the engine is

64Inductive Pickup – Use with a magnetic pickup crank trigger. See Appendix 10 for wiring specifics.Ford TFI – Use with Ford TFI electronic distribu

65Rev. limiter high RPM – At this rpm, the engine will stop injecting fuel to limit the speed of the engine in an attempt to protectthe engine from se

66Figure 51 Idle Air ControlDesired Idle – The engine idle speed will be controlled by the ECU and can be changed at different temperatures. If thee

67Hot Start Delay – The amount of time the engine will wait before entering closed loop operation when the engine is restartedwhile still hot. This s

68Tuning a Race Engine: By far the best way to tune a high horsepower race engine is on the engine dyno. The dyno mustprovide certain feedback as to

691. Fuel Injection Type - In the engine parameters screen, Throttle Body Inj. must be selected for the fuel injection type.2. TBI Switch – If a TBI s

71.6 Fuel InjectorsThere are basically two approaches in delivering the fuel to the engine:• Above the throttle plate as in throttle body injection•

70Appendix 3 Tuning TroubleshootingEngine will not StartThere are several different reasons why an engine will not start.- Make sure that the engine i

71Engine Hesitates When the Throttle is AppliedThe following tuning will help alleviate hesitation when the throttle is applied. The flowchart (Figur

72GOOD! START THEENGINE THE NEXTMORNING TORECHECKSETTINGS**DOES THE ENGINESTALL IN THE FIRST 2SECONDS?YESINCREASEAFTERSTARTENRICHMENT 5% ATTHAT ENGINE

73Appendix 4 GENERAL TROUBLESHOOTINGDouble check ALL wiring connections and system voltages BEFORE replacing components. If you suspect an ECU orcomp

74Appendix 5 TESTING AND TROUBLESHOOTING ELECTRICALCOMPONENTSTesting Relays1 - To test the relays, apply a 12 volt power source to terminal 85 and

753 - Check the voltage on the TPS with the throttle closed. It should be between approximately .3 and .8 volts. While watching the voltmete

76Appendix 6 OXYGEN SENSOR EFFECT ON PERFORMANCEThe oxygen sensor monitors the exhaust gases and outputs a voltage that corresponds to the air/fuel m

77Figure 57 O2 Sensor VoltageAppendix 7 DESCRIPTION OF FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMSCombustion Principles and Air / Fuel RatiosDuring combustion of any sub

7880828486889092949698100A/F=14.7:1 A/F=12.6:1 A/F=15.4:1Percent [%]FUELAIR93.5% AIR6.5% FUEL7.5% FUEL6% FUEL74% AIR92.5% AIRFigure 58 Percent Air vs

79Emissions and PerformanceInternal combustion engines generate power by burning air and fuel mixtures. In gasoline fueled engines, the proportions o

8§ 3 Ball-on-a-stick injector. This metering design is mostly used in the director plate application. The seal isachieved between a conical seat and

80The volumetric efficiency is a ratio that describes how efficiently the engine acts as an air pump for its size. The volumetricefficiency is calcul

81(lambda sensor) oscillates between rich and lean within a defined operating window. As the O2 sensor switches, the injectorpulse width is adjusted

82NOTE: If the application requires a static flow rate that falls in between two available injectors always use the next larger injector.Fo

83Appendix 9 FUEL PUMPSFuel pumps produce volume. Fuel pressure regulators make fuel pressure. It is important to understand this principle.An adju

84Appendix 10 WIRING DIAGRAMSFigure 61: Commander 950 to Ford TFI Ignition Using Ford Computer Controlled Distributor, TFI Module.Figure 62: Comman

85COMMANDER 950 TO AFTERMARKET IGNITIONUSING FORD COMPUTER-CONTROLLED DISTRIBUTOR, TFI MODULE(COMMANDER 950 CONTROLLING IGNITION TIMING)COMMANDER 950B

86COMMANDER 950 TO GM HEIUSING MECHANICAL AND VACUUM ADVANCE 4-PIN MODULE DISTRIBUTOR(COMMANDER 950 “NOT” CONTROLLING IGNITION TIMING)COMMANDER 950INS

87COMMANDER 950 TO AFTERMARKET IGNITIONUSING GM HEI WITH MECHANICAL AND VACUUM ADVANCE 4-PIN MODULE DISTRIBUTOR(COMMANDER 950 “NOT” CONTROLLING IGNITI

88COMMANDER 950 TO GM HEI IGNITIONUSING COMPUTER-CONTROLLED DISTRIBUTOR, 7-PIN MODULE(COMMANDER 950 CONTROLLING IGNITION TIMING)COMMANDER 950BLUE/WHIT

89COMMANDER 950 TO GM HEI IGNITIONUSING COMPUTER-CONTROLLED DISTRIBUTOR, EXTERNAL COIL(COMMANDER 950 CONTROLLING TIMING)COMMANDER 950QUICK DISCONNECTB

91.9 Idle Air Control Valve (IAC)The IAC is located in the throttle body of the TBI and MPFI. The valve consists of a stepper motor that adjusts the

90COMMANDER 950 TO AFTERMARKET IGNITIONUSING A GM 7-PIN STYLE DISTRIBUTOR AND EXTERNAL COIL(COMMANDER 950 CONTROLLING IGNITION TIMING)COMMANDER 950QUI

91COMMANDER 950 TO AFTERMARKET IGNITIONUSING MAGNETIC PICK-UP DISTRIBUTOR(COMMANDER 950 “NOT” CONTROLLING IGNITION TIMING)COMMANDER 950YELLOW/BLACKGRO

92COMMANDER 950 TO AFTERMARKET IGNITIONUSING MAGNETIC PICK-UP CRANK TRIGGER(COMMANDER 950 CONTROLLING IGNITION TIMING)HEAVY RED (+)WHITEBROWNSWITCHORA

93COMMANDER 950 TO AFTERMARKET IGNITIONUSING HALL EFFECT PICK-UP CRANK TRIGGER(COMMANDER 950 CONTROLLING IGNITION TIMING)HEAVY RED (+)WHITEBROWNSWITCH

94D8NOSenableNOS1ECU GNDNOT USEDNOT USEDInjector AInjector BInjector DInjector CD16D14D15D11D12D13D9D10B2NOT USEDECU GNDAnalog GNDEST / SPOUTBypassAna

95D8NOSenableNOS1ECU GNDNOT USEDNOT USEDInjector AInjector BInjector DInjector CD16D14D15D11D12D13D9D10B2NOT USEDECU GNDAnalog GNDEST / SPOUTBypassAna

96Points OutPurple/YellowAnalog GNDECU GNDInjector CInjector DInjector BInjector ANOT USEDNOT USEDAnalog GNDBypassEST / SPOUTNOS1NOSenableO2 Sensor si

97C6BypassNOT USEDInjector DInjector CInjector BInjector AO2 Sensor signalAnalog GNDNOT USEDECU GNDNOSenableNOS1+5 Volt refNOT USEDAnalog GNDEST / SPO

98Holley Performance Products1801 Russellville Road, P.O. Box 10360Bowling Green, KY 42102-7360Technical Service: 1-270-781-9741Fax: 1-270-781-9772E